HOUDARKNESS

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<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">Sistem Operasi</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Sistem operasi
adalah program yang bertindak sebagai perantara antara user dengan perangkat
keras komputer. Sistem operasi digunakan untuk mengeksekusi program user dan memudahkan
menyelesaikan permasalahan user. Selain itu dengan adanya sistem operasi
membuat sistem komputer nyaman digunakan. Sistem operasi mempunyai tujuan untuk
menggunakan perangkat keras komputer secara efisien. Secara umum komponen
sistem komputer terdiri dari :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">     
</span></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Perangkat
Keras</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">, merupakan
sumber daya utama untuk proses komputasi. Perangkat keras komputer terdiri dari
: CPU, memory dan perangkat input output.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">     
</span></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Sistem Operasi</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">, mempunyai tugas untuk melakukan control dan
koordinasi penggunaan perangkat keras pada berbagai program aplikasi untuk
user-user yang berbeda.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">     
</span></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Program
Aplikasi</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">, menentukan
cara sumber daya sistem digunakan untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan komputasi
dari user, contohnya compiler, sistembasis data, video games, program bisnis
dan lain-lain.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">     
</span></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">User </span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">yang menggunakan sistem, terdiri dari orang,
mesin atau komputer lain.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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antara komponen-komponen sistem komputer diatas dapat dilihat pada gambar
dibawah ini :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Gambar 4.1. Komponen –
komponen sistem operasi<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Sistem operasi didefinisikan sebagai :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.5pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><b><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Resource allocator<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Sistem operasi mengatur dan mengalokasikan sumber daya – sumber daya sistem
komputer<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.5pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">     
</span></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Program control</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Sistem operasi melakukan
control eksekusi dari program user dan operasi input output.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.5pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">c.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">     
</span></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Kernel<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Sistem operasi sering
disebut kernel, yaitu suatu program yang berjalan sepanjang waktu (selain
program aplikasi).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Sistem Operasi adalah sebuah program yang mengontrol
eksekusi program aplikasi dan berperan sebagai interface (antar-muka) antara
pengguna komputer dengan hardware. Tujuannya:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">     
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Convenience<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Membuat komputer lebih mudah digunakan, lebih mudah
diperintah oleh pengguna (bukan programmer)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">     
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Efficiency<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Mengatur penggunaan resources (komponenkomponen<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">yang digunakan dalam eksekusi proses) pada komputer dengan efisien.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Letak Sistem Operasi dalam sebuah Sistem komputer :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Gambar 4.2. Letak sistem operasi<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-language: IN; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-no-proof: yes;"><v:shape id="_x0000_i1040" style="height: 241.5pt; mso-wrap-style: square; visibility: visible; width: 305.25pt;" type="#_x0000_t75">
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</v:imagedata></v:shape></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Gambar 4.3. Progress sistem operasi<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<br /></div>
<h2 style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-list: l21 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -21.25pt;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc452402557"><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">A.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">    
</span></span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">Sejarah,
Komponen dan Struktur Sistem Operasi<o:p></o:p></span></a></h2>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">     
</span></span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Sejarah Sistem Operasi</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Menurut Tanenbaum, sistem
operasi mengalami perkembangan yang sangat pesat, yang dapat dibagi kedalam
empat generasi :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">     
</span></span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Generasi
Pertama (1945-1955)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Generasi pertama merupakan
awal perkembangan sistem komputasi elektronik sebagai pengganti sistem
komputasi mekanik, hal itu disebabkan kecepatan manusia untuk menghitung
terbatas dan manusia sangat mudah untuk membuat kecerobohan, kekeliruan bahkan<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">kesalahan. Pada generasi ini belum ada sistem operasi,
maka sistem komputer diberi instruksi yang harus dikerjakan secara langsung.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">      </span></span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Generasi Kedua (1955-1965)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Generasi kedua memperkenalkan
Batch Processing System, yaitu Job yang dikerjakan dalam satu rangkaian, lalu
dieksekusi secara berurutan.Pada generasi ini sistem komputer belum dilengkapi
sistem operasi, tetapi beberapa bagian dari fungsi sistem operasi telah ada,
contohnya fungsi sistem operasi FMS (Fortran Monitoring System) .<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">c.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">       </span></span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Generasi Ketiga (1965-1980)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Pada generasi ini
perkembangan sistem operasi dikembangkan untuk melayani banyak pemakai
sekaligus, dimana para pemakai interaktif berkomunikasi lewat terminal secara
on-line ke komputer, maka sistem<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">operasi menjadi multi-user (di gunakan banyak pengguna
sekali gus) dan multi-programming (melayani banyak program sekali gus).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">d.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">      </span></span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> Generasi Keempat
(Pasca 1980an)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Pada generasi ini , sistem
operasi dipergunakan untuk jaringan komputer dimana pemakai menyadari
keberadaan komputer-komputer yang saling terhubung satu sama lainnya. Pada masa
ini para pengguna juga telah dinyamankan dengan GUI (Graphical User Interface)
yaitu antar-muka komputer yang berbasis grafis yang sangat nyaman, pada masa
ini juga dimulai era komputasi tersebar dimana komputasi-komputasi tidak lagi
berpusat di satu titik, tetapi dipecah dibanyak komputer sehingga tercapai<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">kinerja yang lebih baik.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">e.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">       </span></span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> Generasi Kelima
(Pasca 2001-Sekarang )<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Mendefinisikan komputer generasi
kelima menjadi cukup sulit karena tahap ini masih dalam perjalanan. Contoh
imajinatif komputer generasi kelima adalah komputer fiksi HAL9000 dari novel
karya Arthur C. Clarke berjudul 2001:Space Odyssey. HAL menampilkan seluruh
fungsi yang<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">diinginkan dari sebuah komputer generasi kelima.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> Dengan kecerdasan buatan (artificial
intelligence), HAL dapat cukup memiliki nalar untuk melakukan percapakan dengan
manusia, menggunakan masukan visual, dan belajar dari pengalamannya sendiri.
Walaupun mungkin realisasi HAL9000 masih jauh dari kenyataan, banyak
fungsi-fungsi yang dimilikinya sudah terwujud. Beberapa komputer dapat menerima
instruksi secara lisan dan mampu meniru nalar manusia. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Kemampuan untuk
menterjemahkan bahasa asing sekarang menjadi mungkin. Fasilitas ini tampak
sederhana. Namun<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">fasilitas tersebut menjadi jauh lebih rumit dari yang
diduga ketika programmer menyadari bahwa pengertia manusia sangat bergantung pada
konteks dan pengertian ketimbang sekedar menterjemahkan katakata secara langsung.
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Banyak kemajuan di bidang
desain komputer dan teknologi semakin memungkinkan pembuatan komputer generasi
kelima. Dua kemajuan rekayasa yang terutama adalah kemampuan pemrosesan
paralel, yang akan menggantikan model non Neumann. Model non Neumann akan digantikan
dengan sistem yang mampu mengkoordinasikan banyak CPU untuk bekerja secara
serempak. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Kemajuan lain adalah
teknologi superkonduktor yang memungkinkan aliran elektrik tanpa ada hambatan apapun,
yang nantinya dapat mempercepat kecepatan informasi. Jepang adalah negara yang
terkenal dalam sosialisasi jargon dan proyek komputer generasi kelima. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Lembaga ICOT (Institute
for new Computer Technology) juga dibentuk untuk merealisasikannya. Banyak
kabar yang menyatakan bahwa proyek ini telah gagal, namun beberapa informasi
lain bahwa keberhasilan proyek komputer generasi kelima ini akan membawa perubahan
baru paradigma komputerisasi di dunia. Kita tunggu informasi mana yang lebih
valid dan membuahkan hasil.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: IN; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-no-proof: yes;"><v:shape id="_x0000_i1039" style="height: 223.5pt; mso-wrap-style: square; visibility: visible; width: 306pt;" type="#_x0000_t75">
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</v:imagedata></v:shape></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Gambar 4.4.
Migrasi sistem operasi vs sistem komputer<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l49 level1 lfo5; mso-outline-level: 3; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc452402558"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">      </span></span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Sistem
Mainframe</span></b></a><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Sistem komputer pendahulu secara fisik
berbentuk mesin besar yang disebut sistem mainframe. Untuk menjalankan sistem
ini dilakukan dari suatu <i>console</i>. Perangkat input yang digunakan berupa <i>card
reader </i>dan <i>tape drive</i>. Perangkat output yang digunakan berupa <i>line
printer</i>, <i>tape drive </i>dan <i>card punch</i>. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Kemudian, user menyiapkan job yang terdiri
dari program, data dan beberapa informasi kontrol (<i>control</i> <i>card</i>)
dan dikirimkan ke operator komputer. Job biasanya dalam bentuk <i>punch card</i>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Beberapa waktu kemudian (dalam hitungan waktu
menit, jam atau hari), output ditampilkan. Output berupa hasil program, apabila
terjadi error pada program memory dan register akan berisi kosong. Sistem
operasi pada komputer mainframe sangat sederhana. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Task </span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">utama mengirim control secara otomatis dari satu <i>job </i>ke <i>job </i>berikutnya.
Sistem operasi selalu residen di memory yang disebut dengan <i>resident monitor</i>.
Gambar 4.4. adalah gambaran layout memori pada sistem <i>batch </i>sederhana.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Untuk meningkatkan kecepatan proses, job yang
sama perlu dikumpulkan bersama (<i>batch</i>) dan dijalankan oleh komputer
sebagai satu kelompok. Kemudian programmer memberikan program kepada operator.
Operator akan mengurut program yang sama dan kemudian komputer akan menjalankan
setiap kumpulan program tersebut. Output dari setiap job dikirim kembali kepada
programmer.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Untuk menghindari adanya waktu nganggur CPU
yang cukup lama maka dikembangkan suatu teknik mengurutan kerja <i>job </i>secara
otomatis. Teknik ini mampu mentrasfer kontrol secara otomatis dari suatu <i>job
</i>ke <i>job </i>berikutnya. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Inilah bentuk sistem operasi pertama kali.
Program kecil yang bersifat residen di memori berisi urutan-urutan <i>job </i>yang
akan berpindah secara oromatis inilah yang disebut dengan <i>Resident Monitor</i>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: IN; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-no-proof: yes;"><v:shape id="_x0000_i1038" style="height: 162pt; mso-wrap-style: square; visibility: visible; width: 92.25pt;" type="#_x0000_t75">
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</v:imagedata></v:shape></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; text-align: center;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Gambar 4.5. </span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Memory layout pada simple batch system</span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l49 level1 lfo5; mso-outline-level: 3; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc452402559"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">      </span></span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Layanan Sistem
Operasi</span></b></a><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 49.65pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l60 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">       </span></span><v:shapetype coordsize="21600,21600" filled="f" id="_x0000_t32" o:oned="t" o:spt="32" path="m,l21600,21600e">
 <v:path arrowok="t" fillok="f" o:connecttype="none">
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</o:lock></v:path></v:shapetype><v:shape id="_x0000_s1026" o:connectortype="straight" style="height: .95pt; left: 0; margin-left: 159.6pt; margin-top: 8.05pt; position: absolute; text-align: left; width: 15.9pt; z-index: 1;" type="#_x0000_t32">
 <v:stroke endarrow="block">
</v:stroke></v:shape><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Pembuatan program          kompilasi dari Assembly<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 49.65pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l60 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Eksekusi program<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 49.65pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l60 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">c.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">       </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Akses ke periferal /external device<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 49.65pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l60 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">d.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Akses terstruktur ke file di dalam periferal<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 49.65pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l60 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">e.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">       </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Akses ke seluruh perangkat dan resource sistem<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 49.65pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l60 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">f.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">       </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Deteksi error dan handlingnya<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 49.65pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l60 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">g.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Pengaturan sistem<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 49.65pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l60 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">h.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Oleh karena itu sistem operasi dapat
dimanfaatkan untuk membantu mengatur organisasi resources (memory, prosesor,
disk, dsb) agar bekerja lebih efisien.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l49 level1 lfo5; mso-outline-level: 3; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc452402560"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">      </span></span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Kontrol Program</span></b></a><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Jaman dahulu (1940an s/d 1950an), komputer tanpa S/O,
program (rangkaian proses) berinteraksi langsung dengan hardware melalui bhs
mesin. Operator komputer ingin bisa memasukkan banyak program sekaligus tanpa
harus ada operator standby: tiap satu program selesai, memasukkan program
berikutnya. Dikembangkanlah simple batch system untuk mengatur jalannya program
(inilah S/O awal). Bentuk modern : DOS<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Kontrol Program Batch<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Batch artinya berurutan, sequentially queued, Batch
operating system berbentuk sebuah program stay resident di memory. Program/job
disusun dulu oleh user dalam kartu plong atau magnetic tape, kemudian diberikan
kepada operator. Operator memasukkan program ke sistem. Tiap program/job dibaca
oleh monitor, disimpan ke memory. Program/job dijalankan oleh monitor sesuai dengan
urutan masuknya (batched)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Resident Monitor<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">membutuhkan:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">    </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Memory
Protection<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l38 level2 lfo8; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">    </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Pemberitahuan  Timer dan Interrupt Kontrol Program <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Batch<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l38 level2 lfo8; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">c.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">    </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Batasan
Instruksi Khusus untuk Menterjemahkan<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">bahasa kontrol (mis. Assembly)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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</v:imagedata></v:shape><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> </span></b></div>
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<br />
<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Gambar 4.6. Resident
Monitor<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Kontrol Program Batch awal :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: IN; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-no-proof: yes;"><v:shape id="_x0000_i1037" style="height: 72.75pt; mso-wrap-style: square; visibility: visible; width: 306pt;" type="#_x0000_t75">
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</v:imagedata></v:shape></span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Gambar 4.7. Program Bacth
Awal<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 42.55pt; mso-list: l16 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">     
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Boros waktu<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 42.55pt; mso-list: l16 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">     
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Tidak bisa menjalankan lebih dari satu program bersamaan - uniprogramming<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Kontrol Program pengembangan :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</v:imagedata></v:shape></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Gambar 4.8. Program
pengembangan A, B<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 42.55pt; mso-list: l24 level1 lfo10; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Hemat waktu<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Lebih boros resource (pada penggunaan CPU)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 42.55pt; mso-list: l24 level1 lfo10; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Bisa menjalankan lebih dari satu program secara (seolah-olah)
bersamaan – multiprogramming.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
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</v:imagedata></v:shape></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Gambar 4.9. Program
pengembangan A, B, C<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: IN; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-no-proof: yes;"><v:shape id="_x0000_i1034" style="height: 192pt; mso-wrap-style: square; visibility: visible; width: 306pt;" type="#_x0000_t75">
 <v:imagedata o:title="" src="file:///C:\Users\HARIAN~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image010.png">
</v:imagedata></v:shape></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Gambar 4.10. Program pengguna Resource<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l49 level1 lfo5; mso-outline-level: 3; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc452402561"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">5.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">      </span></span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Komponen –
Komponen Sistem Operasi</span></b></a><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Pada
kenyataannya tidak semua sistem operasi mempunyai struktur yang sama. Namun
menurut Avi Silberschatz, Peter Galvin, dan Greg Gagne, umumnya sebuah sistem
operasi modern mempunyai komponen sebagai berikut:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h4 style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 63.8pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-list: l28 level1 lfo14; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">     
</span></span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Managemen Proses<o:p></o:p></span></h4>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Proses adalah
keadaan ketika sebuah program sedang di eksekusi. Sebuah proses membutuhkan
beberapa sumber daya untuk menyelesaikan tugasnya. sumber daya tersebut dapat
berupa <i>CPU time</i>, memori, berkas-berkas, dan perangkat-perangkat I/O.
Sistem operasi bertanggung jawab atas aktivitas-aktivitas yang berkaitan dengan
managemen proses seperti: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 63.8pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo15; text-indent: -21.25pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">        
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Pembuatan dan penghapusan proses pengguna dan sistem proses. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 63.8pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo15; text-indent: -21.25pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">       
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Menunda atau melanjutkan proses. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 63.8pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo15; text-indent: -21.25pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">c.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">        
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Menyediakan mekanisme untuk proses sinkronisasi. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 63.8pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo15; text-indent: -21.25pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">d.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">       
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Menyediakan mekanisme untuk proses komunikasi. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 63.8pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo15; text-indent: -21.25pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">e.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">        
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Menyediakan mekanisme untuk penanganan <i>deadlock</i>. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<h4 style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 63.8pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-list: l28 level1 lfo14; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">     
</span></span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Managemen Memori Utama<o:p></o:p></span></h4>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Memori utama
atau lebih dikenal sebagai memori adalah sebuah <i>array </i>yang besar dari <i>word
</i>atau <i>byte</i>, yang ukurannya mencapai ratusan, ribuan, atau bahkan
jutaan. Setiap <i>word </i>atau <i>byte </i>mempunyai alamat tersendiri. Memori
Utama berfungsi sebagai tempat penyimpanan yang akses datanya digunakan oleh
CPU atau perangkat I/O. Memori utama termasuk tempat penyimpanan data yang
sementara (<i>volatile</i>), artinya data dapat hilang begitu sistem dimatikan.
Sistem operasi bertanggung jawab atas aktivitas-aktivitas yang berkaitan dengan
managemen memori seperti: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 63.8pt; mso-list: l18 level1 lfo16; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Menjaga <i>track </i>dari memori yang sedang digunakan dan siapa yang
menggunakannya. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 63.8pt; mso-list: l18 level1 lfo16; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">     
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Memilih program yang akan di-<i>load </i>ke memori.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 63.8pt; mso-list: l18 level1 lfo16; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">c.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Mengalokasikan dan meng-dealokasikan ruang memori sesuai kebutuhan.
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<h4 style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 63.8pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-list: l28 level1 lfo14; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">c.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">      
</span></span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Managemen Secondary-Storage<o:p></o:p></span></h4>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Data yang
disimpan dalam memori utama bersifat sementara dan jumlahnya sangat kecil. Oleh
karena itu, untuk meyimpan keseluruhan data dan program komputer dibutuhkan <i>secondary-storage
</i>yang bersifat permanen dan mampu menampung banyak data. Contoh dari <i>secondary-storage
</i>adalah <i>harddisk</i>, disket, dll. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Sistem operasi
bertanggung-jawab atas aktivitas-aktivitas yang berkaitan dengan <i>disk-management</i>seperti:
<i>free-space management</i>, alokasi penyimpanan, penjadualan disk.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<br /></div>
<h4 style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 63.8pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-list: l28 level1 lfo14; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">d.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">     
</span></span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Managemen Sistem I/O<o:p></o:p></span></h4>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Sering disebut <i>device manager</i>. Menyediakan "<i>device
driver</i>" yang umum sehingga operasi I/O dapat seragam (membuka,
membaca, menulis, menutup). Contoh: pengguna menggunakan operasi yang sama
untuk membaca berkas pada <i>hard-disk</i>, CD-ROM dan <i>floppy disk</i>. Komponen
Sistem Operasi untuk sistem I/O: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 70.9pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo17; text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.25pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">        
</span></span><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Buffer</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">: menampung sementara data dari/ ke perangkat I/O. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 70.9pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo17; text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.25pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">        
</span></span><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Spooling</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">: melakukan penjadualan pemakaian I/O sistem supaya lebih efisien
(antrian dsb.). <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 70.9pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo17; text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.25pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">c.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">        
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Menyediakan
<i>driver </i>untuk dapat melakukan operasi "rinci" untuk perangkat
keras I/O tertentu. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<h4 style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 63.8pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-list: l28 level1 lfo14; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">e.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">      
</span></span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Managemen Berkas<o:p></o:p></span></h4>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Berkas adalah
kumpulan informasi yang berhubungan sesuai dengan tujuan pembuat berkas
tersebut. Berkas dapat mempunyai struktur yang bersifat hirarkis (direktori,
volume, dll.).  Sistem operasi
bertanggung-jawab: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 70.9pt; mso-list: l19 level1 lfo18; text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.25pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">        
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Pembuatan dan penghapusan berkas. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 70.9pt; mso-list: l19 level1 lfo18; text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.25pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">        
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Pembuatan dan penghapusan direktori. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 70.9pt; mso-list: l19 level1 lfo18; text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.25pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">c.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">        
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Mendukung manipulasi berkas dan direktori. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 70.9pt; mso-list: l19 level1 lfo18; text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.25pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">d.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">       
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Memetakan berkas ke <i>secondary storage</i>. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 70.9pt; mso-list: l19 level1 lfo18; text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.25pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">e.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">        
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Mem-<i>backup </i>berkas ke media penyimpanan yang permanen (<i>non-volatile</i>).
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<h4 style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 63.8pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-list: l28 level1 lfo14; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">f.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">      
</span></span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Sistem Proteksi<o:p></o:p></span></h4>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Proteksi mengacu
pada mekanisme untuk mengontrol akses yang dilakukan oleh program, prosesor,
atau pengguna ke sistem sumber daya. Mekanisme proteksi harus: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 70.9pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo19; text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.25pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">        
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">membedakan antara penggunaan yang sudah diberi izin dan yang belum.
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 70.9pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo19; text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.25pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">        
</span></span><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">specify the controls to be imposed</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 70.9pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo19; text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.25pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">c.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">        
</span></span><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">provide a means of enforcement</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<h4 style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 63.8pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-list: l28 level1 lfo14; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">g.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">     
</span></span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Jaringan<o:p></o:p></span></h4>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Sistem
terdistribusi adalah sekumpulan prosesor yang tidak berbagi memori atau <i>clock</i>.
Tiap prosesor mempunyai memori sendiri. Prosesor-prosesor tersebut terhubung
melalui jaringan komunikasi Sistem terdistribusi menyediakan akses pengguna ke
bermacam sumber-daya sistem. Akses tersebut menyebabkan: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 70.9pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo20; text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.25pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">        
</span></span><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Computation speed-up</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 70.9pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo20; text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.25pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">        
</span></span><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Increased data availability</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 70.9pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo20; text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.25pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">c.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">        
</span></span><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Enhanced reliability</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 49.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<h4 style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 63.8pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-list: l28 level1 lfo14; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">h.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">     
</span></span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Command-Interpreter System<o:p></o:p></span></h4>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 10.0mm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Sistem
Operasi menunggu instruksi dari pengguna (<i>command driven</i>). Program yang
membaca instruksi dan mengartikan <i>control statements </i>umumnya disebut: <i>control-card
interpreter</i>, <i>command-line,interpreter</i>, dan <i>UNIX shell</i>. <i>Command-Interpreter
System </i>sangat bervariasi dari satu sistem operasi ke sistem operasi yang
lain dan disesuaikan dengan tujuan dan teknologi <i>I/O devices </i>yang ada.
Contohnya: <i>CLI</i>, <i>Windows</i>, <i>Pen-based </i>(<i>touch</i>), dan lain-lain.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l49 level1 lfo5; mso-outline-level: 3; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc452402562"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">6.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">      </span></span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Struktur Sistem
Operasi</span></b></a><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Sistem
komputer modern yang semakin kompleks dan rumit memerlukan sistem operasi yang
dirancang dengan sangat hati-hati agar dapat berfungsi secara optimum dan mudah
untuk dimodifikasi.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<h4 style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 70.9pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo21; text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.25pt;">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">        
</span></span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Struktur Sederhana<o:p></o:p></span></h4>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 10.0mm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Ada sejumlah
sistem komersial yang tidak memiliki struktur yang cuup baik. Sistem operasi
tersebut sangat kecil, sederhana dan memiliki banyak ketebatasan. Salah satu
contoh sistem tesebut adalah MS DOS dirancang oleh orang-orang yang tidak
memikirkan akan kepopuleran software tersebut. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 10.0mm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Sistem operasi
tersebut terbatas pada hardware sehingga tidak terbagi terbagi menjadi
modul-modul seperti terlihat pada di bawah. Karena Intel 8088 tidak menggunakan
dual mode sehingga tidak ada proteksi harware. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div align="center" class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-language: IN; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-no-proof: yes;"><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_2" o:spid="_x0000_i1033" style="height: 254.25pt; mso-wrap-style: square; visibility: visible; width: 269.25pt;" type="#_x0000_t75">
 <v:imagedata o:title="" src="file:///C:\Users\HARIAN~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image011.emz">
</v:imagedata></v:shape></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div align="center" class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Gambar 4.11. Struktur layer MS-DOS<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm;">
<br /></div>
<h4 style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 70.9pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo21; text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.25pt;">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">       
</span></span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Sistem Monolitic<o:p></o:p></span></h4>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 10.0mm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Pada dasarnya, sistem monolitic merupakan struktur sederhana yang
dilengkapi dengan operasi dual mode. Pelayanan (<i>system calls</i>) yang
diberikan oleh sistem operasi model ini dilakukan dengan cara mengambil
sejumlah parameter pada tempat yang telah ditentukan sebelumnya, seperti
register atau stack, dan kemudian mengeksekusi suatu instruksi trap tertentu
pada monitor mode. Secara umum system calls dibuat dengan cara : </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 63.8pt; mso-list: l47 level2 lfo22; text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.25pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">        
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">user
program melakukan ‘trap’ pada kernel. Instruksi berpindah dari <i>user mode </i>ke
<i>monitor mode </i>dan mentransfer kontrol ke sistem operasi <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 63.8pt; mso-list: l47 level2 lfo22; text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.25pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">       
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">sistem
operasi mengecek parameter-parameter dari pemanggilan tersebut untuk menentukan
<i>system call </i>mana yang memanggil <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 63.8pt; mso-list: l47 level2 lfo22; text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.25pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">c.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">        
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">sistem
operasi menunjuk ke suatu tabel yang berisi slot ke –k yang menunjukkan <i>system
call </i>k <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 63.8pt; mso-list: l47 level2 lfo22; text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.25pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">d.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">       
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">setelah
<i>system call </i>selesai mengerjakan tugasnya, konrol akan dikembalikan pada
user program. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 63.8pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<h4 style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 70.9pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo21; text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.25pt;">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">c.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">        
</span></span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pendekatan Berlapis (Layered Approach)<o:p></o:p></span></h4>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Teknik
pendekatan berlapis pada dasarnya dibuat dengan cara membentuk sistem operasi
menjadi bentuk modular. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan <i>top-down</i>, semua
fungsi ditentukan dan dibagi menjadi komponen-komponen. Modularisasi sistem
dilakukan denga cara memecah sistem operasi menajdi beberapa lapis (tingkat).
Lapisan terendah (lapis-0) adalah hardware dan lapisan teratas (lapisan N)
adalah <i>user interface</i>. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div align="center" class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-language: IN; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-no-proof: yes;"><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_3" o:spid="_x0000_i1032" style="height: 182.25pt; mso-wrap-style: square; visibility: visible; width: 297pt;" type="#_x0000_t75">
 <v:imagedata o:title="" src="file:///C:\Users\HARIAN~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image012.emz">
</v:imagedata></v:shape></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div align="center" class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Gambar 4.12. Lapisan sistem operasi<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="Default">
<br /></div>
<h4 style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 70.9pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo21; text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.25pt;">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">d.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">       
</span></span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Mesin Virtual<o:p></o:p></span></h4>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">program =>
control program yang mengatur pemakaian sumber daya perangkat keras. Control
program = trap <i>System call </i>+ akses ke perangkat keras. Control program
memberikan fasilitas ke proses pengguna. Mendapatkan jatah CPU dan memori.
Menyediakan <i>interface </i>"identik" dengan apa yang disediakan
oleh perangkat keras => <i>sharing devices </i>untuk berbagai proses. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Mesin Virtual (MV)
(MV) => control program yang minimal MV memberikan ilusi <i>multitasking</i>:
seolah-olah terdapat prosesor dan memori ekslusif digunakan MV. MV memilah
fungsi <i>multitasking </i>dan implementasi <i>extended machine </i>(tergantung
proses pengguna) => flexible dan lebih mudah untuk pengaturan. Jika setiap
pengguna diberikan satu MV => bebas untuk menjalankan OS (kernel) yang
diinginkan pada MV tersebut. Potensi lebih dari satu OS dalam satu komputer.
Contoh: IBM VM370: menyediakan MV untuk berbagai OS: CMS (interaktif), MVS,
CICS, dll. Masalah: Sharing disk => OS mempunyai sistem berkas yang mungkin
berbeda. IBM: virtual disk (minidisk) yang dialokasikan untuk pengguna melalui
MV. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Konsep MV
menyediakan proteksi yang lengkap untuk sumberdaya sistem, dikarenakan tiap MV
terpisah dari MV yang lain. Namun, hal tersebut menyebabkan tidak adanya <i>sharing
</i>sumberdaya secara langsung. MV merupakan alat yang tepat untuk penelitian
dan pengembangan sistem operasi. Konsep MV susah untuk diimplementasi
sehubungan dengan usaha yang diperlukan untuk menyediakan duplikasi dari mesin
utama. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-language: IN; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-no-proof: yes;"><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_4" o:spid="_x0000_i1031" style="height: 191.25pt; mso-wrap-style: square; visibility: visible; width: 306pt;" type="#_x0000_t75">
 <v:imagedata o:title="" src="file:///C:\Users\HARIAN~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image013.emz">
</v:imagedata></v:shape></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div align="center" class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Gambar 4.13. Model mesin virtual<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<h4 style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 70.9pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo21; text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.25pt;">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">e.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">        
</span></span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Model Client Server<o:p></o:p></span></h4>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Trend dari
sistem operasi modern adalah memindahkan kode ke lapisan yang lebih tinggi dan
menghapusnya sebanyak mungkin dari sistem operasi sehingga akan meninggalkan
kernel yang minimal. Konsep ini biasanya diimplementasikan dengan cara
menjadikannya fungsi-fungsi yang ada pada sistem operasi menjadi user proses.
Jika suatu proses minta untuk dilayani, misalkan saja satu blok file, maka user
proses (<i>client server</i>) mengirim permintaan tersebut ke server proses. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Server proses
akan melayani permintaan tersebut ke server proses. Server proses akan mealyani
permintaan tersebut kemudian mengirimkan jawabannya kembali. Pada model ini,
semua pekerjaan kernel ditekankan pada pengendalian komunikasi antara client
dan server. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<br /></div>
<h2 style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-list: l21 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -21.25pt;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc452402563"><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">B.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">     
</span></span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">Tinjauan
Sistem Operasi</span></a><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></h2>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Sistem operasi berkaitan
erat dengan pengoperasian computer. Computer merupakan perangkat elektronik
yang dirancang untuk membantu penyelesaian permasalahan yang dihadapi manusia.
Dewasa ini computer digunakan untuk menyelesaikan perhitungan akuntansi,
komputasi numeric, pengolahan basis data perusahaan, dan hiburan seperti memutar
video dan memainkan games. Dengan kata lain computer dapat digunakan untuk berbagai
tujuan. Sifat multiguna (general purpose) dari computer ini dikarenakan pengoperasian
computer tidak mengandalkan pada perangkat kerasnya semata tetapi komponen
lainnya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">System computer harus
memiliki 3 komponen yaitu perangkat keras (hardware), perangkat lunak
(software) dan pengguna (brainware). Manusia sebagai pengguna bertindak<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">sebagai operator yang berinteraksi dengan system komputer
menggunakan peranti input seperti keyboard, peranti penunjuk seperti mouse, dan
peranti output seperti monitor. Aksi pengguna akan diterjemahkan oleh perangkat
lunak menjadi instruksi untuk menjalankan perangkat keras komputer.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h3 style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo62; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">     
</span></span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Operasi
Dasar Komputer<o:p></o:p></span></h3>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Komputer merupakan alat
elektronik yang mampu melakukan beberapa tugas, yaitu menerima input, memproses
input sesuai dengan instruksi yang diberikan, menyimpan<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">perintah-perintah dan hasil pengolahannya serta
menyediakan output dalam bentuk informasi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Dari definisi tersebut
terdapat 3 istilah yaitu input (data), pengolahan data (proses), dan informasi
(output).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l26 level1 lfo48; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">       </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Input : sarana atau media untuk memberi perintah pada
komputer agar komputer bisa bekerja secara efektif dan efisien.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l26 level1 lfo48; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Proses : kegiatan dimana semua intruksi-intruksi program
akan diolah dan hasilnya akan ditampilkan lewat output.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l26 level1 lfo48; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">c.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">       </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Output : hasil dari data yang telah diproses<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h3 style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo62; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">     
</span></span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Komponen
Pokok System Komputer<o:p></o:p></span></h3>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Terdapat 3 komponen pokok
dalam system komputer yaitu:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo49; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">     
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Hardware :
perangkat keras pada komputer yang meliputi CPU, monitor dll.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo49; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Software : program yang berisi instruksi-instruksi untuk melakukan suatu
proses pada komputer</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo49; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Brainware : manusia yang menggunakan komputer.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h3 style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo62; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">     
</span></span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Port Pada
Komputer<o:p></o:p></span></h3>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Port adalah socket atau jack koneksi yang terletak
diluar unit system sebagai tempat kabel-kabel yang berbeda ditancapkan. Setiap
port pasti berbeda fungsi dan bentuk fisiknya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Macam-macam port pada komputer:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l20 level1 lfo50; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">     
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Serial : digunakan
untuk mentranmisikan data dari jarak jauh secara lambat seperti port pada
monitor<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l20 level1 lfo50; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">     
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Paralel : digunakan
untuk mentransmisikan data dari jarak yang pendek secara cepat. Port ini sering
dipakai untuk menghubungkan printer, tape backup<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l20 level1 lfo50; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">     
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">USB : port yang
digunakan untuk mentransmisikan data hingga 127 periferal dalam rangkaian daisy
chain.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l20 level1 lfo50; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">     
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">PS/2 : disebut juga
port serial type 2 yang digunakan untuk menghubungkan keyboard dan mouse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l20 level1 lfo50; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">5.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">     
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">LAN : digunakan untuk
menghubungkan komputer satu dengan komputer lainnya dalam suatu jaringan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l20 level1 lfo50; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">6.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">     
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">VGA : digunakan untuk
menghubungkan monitor dengan CPU<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l20 level1 lfo50; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">7.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">     
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Sound : untuk
menghubungkan CPU dengan peralatan audio, terdiri dari 3 port yaitu line in,
line out, microphone.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l20 level1 lfo50; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">8.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">     
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Power : digunakan
untuk menghubungkan power supply dengan CPU<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h3 style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo62; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<i><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">     
</span></span></i><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Booting<i><o:p></o:p></i></span></h3>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Booting adalah proses pemasukan arus listrik
kedalam peralatan komputer sehingga komputer dapat berkomunikasi dengan
pengguna. Tahap awal proses booting yang dilakukan system operasi adalah
bootstrap loader yang bertujuan untuk melacak semua I/O device yang terpasang
pada komputer.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Jenis booting ada 2 yaitu:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l26 level2 lfo48; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Hard Boot : booting saat pertama kali komputer dihidupkan dengan menekan
tombol power.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l26 level2 lfo48; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Soft Boot : booting dengan menekan tombol reset.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h3 style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo62; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">5.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">     
</span></span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Perangkat
Lunak<o:p></o:p></span></h3>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Perangkat lunak pada komputer dibedakan
menjadi 2 yaitu:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l23 level1 lfo51; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">     
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Perangkat lunak system
: perangkat lunak pada komputer yang dirangkai untuk memberi perintah/mengatur
alat-alat pada system komputer.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 20.0mm; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l32 level1 lfo52; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -21.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">        
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">System operasi :
program yang dirancang untuk mengendalikan dan mengkoordinasikan kegiatan dari
system komputer Contohnya : windows, linux, unix, machintosh dll<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 20.0mm; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l32 level1 lfo52; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -21.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">       
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Bahasa pemrograman : perangkat
lunak yang berfungsi mengkonversikan algoritma ke dalam format yang bisa
dijalankan komputer Contohnya : Bahasa C, Pascal, Basic, Visual basic, Borland
Delphi, dll<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 20.0mm; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l32 level1 lfo52; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -21.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">c.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">        
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Utility Software :
perangkat lunak yang berfungsi untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan tertentu dalam
system komputer Contohnya : Norton utility.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l23 level1 lfo51; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">     
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Perangkat lunak
aplikasi : program yang dibuat untuk menyelesaikan suatu aplikasi tertentu Contohnya
: pengolah kata, pengolah angka, database, presentasi, grafis, akuntansi, teknis,
permainan, olah data, dll.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h3 style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo62; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">6.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">     
</span></span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Proses
Kerja Komputer<o:p></o:p></span></h3>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Proses kerja dalam system komputer merupakan
proses pengolahan data menjadi informasi. Data adalah kumpulan angka, huruf,
karakter maupun symbol yang tidak memiliki arti. Informasi adalah data yang
disusun dan dikelompokkan sedemikian rupa sehingga memiliki arti/makna.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Bagan proses kerja komputer dapat dilihat
pada gambar dibawah :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: IN; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-no-proof: yes;"><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_1" o:spid="_x0000_i1030" style="height: 85.5pt; mso-wrap-style: square; visibility: visible; width: 306pt;" type="#_x0000_t75">
 <v:imagedata o:title="" src="file:///C:\Users\HARIAN~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image014.emz">
</v:imagedata></v:shape></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Gambar 4.14. Proses
kerja komputer<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Keterangan gambar:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Komputer menerima masukan berupa sejumlah
data yang nantinya akan masuk ke dalam proses pengolahan. Data yang sudah
diolah dalam proses pengolahan disimpan dalam media penyimpanan data untuk
kemudian akan menghasilkan informasi yang berguna bagi pengguna komputer.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h3 style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo62; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">7.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">     
</span></span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Klasifikasi
Hardware<o:p></o:p></span></h3>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Perangkat keras yang terdapat pada sebuah
komputer dapat </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">dibedakan
berdasarkan fungsinya yaitu:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l61 level1 lfo53; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Input device : perangkat keras yang digunakan untuk
memasukkan data dan juga memberi perintah kepada komputer untuk selanjutnya
data tersebut akan diolah dalam tahap pemrosesan data. Contohnya:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 20.0mm; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo54; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">       </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Keyboard<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 20.0mm; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo54; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Pointing device (mouse, light pen, joystick, track ball,
touch pad)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 20.0mm; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo54; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">c.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">       </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Sensor (menangkap data kejadian fisik)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 20.0mm; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo54; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">d.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Scanner (menyalin teks/gambar)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l61 level1 lfo53; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Processing device : perangkat keras komputer untuk
memproses data pada komputer. Contohnya:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 20.0mm; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l14 level1 lfo55; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">       </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Mainboard : papan utama tempat meletakkan komponen
penting pada komputer<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 20.0mm; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l14 level1 lfo55; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">RAM (Random Access Memory) : memori utama yang berfungsi
sebagai tempat penyimpanan data sementara<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 20.0mm; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l14 level1 lfo55; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">c.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">       </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">ROM (Read Only Memory) : secondary memory yang berfungsi
sebagai tempat penyimpanan data permanen<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 20.0mm; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l14 level1 lfo55; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">d.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Sound card : memproses data suara yang masuk ataupun
keluar dari komputer<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 20.0mm; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l14 level1 lfo55; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">e.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">       </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Processor : tempat pemrosesan instruksi-intruksi program
dan pengolahan data yang dibagi menjadi 2 yaitu:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 78.0pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l43 level1 lfo56; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">CU (Control Unit) yang memiliki fungsi untuk mengatur dan
mengendalikan alat-alat input dan output, mengambil intruksi-intruksi dari main
memory, mengambil data dari main memory kalau diperlukan oleh proses, serta
menyimpan hasil proses ke main memori.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 78.0pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l43 level1 lfo56; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">ALU (Arithmatic Logical Unit) yang berfungsi melakukan
semua perhitungan aritmatik yang terjadi sesuai dengan intruksi program<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 20.0mm; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l14 level1 lfo55; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">f.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">       </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">VGA Card : mengatur tampilan grafis pada monitor<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 20.0mm; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l14 level1 lfo55; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">g.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Power Supply : memberikan sumber daya ke segala komponen
yang terdapat pada komputer<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l43 level1 lfo56; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Output device : perangkat keras yang digunakan untuk
menampilkan hasil pengolahan data Contohnya:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 20.0mm; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l42 level1 lfo57; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Monitor :
menampilkan hasil olahan komputer dan alat untuk berinteraksi dengan pengguna<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 20.0mm; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l42 level1 lfo57; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">     
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Printer :
menghasilkan tampilan yang akan dicetak melalui media kertas maupun media
lainnya<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 20.0mm; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l42 level1 lfo57; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">c.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Speaker :
mendengarkan informasi dalam bentuk suara<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 20.0mm; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l42 level1 lfo57; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">d.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">     
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Proyektor : keluaran
dalam bentuk visual baik gambar maupun teks.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l43 level1 lfo56; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Storage device : perangkat penyimpanan data eksternal
pada komputer Fungsinya:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 20.0mm; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l25 level1 lfo58; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">     
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Menyimpan data
dan program secara permanen dan tidak tergantung pada aliran listrik<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 20.0mm; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l25 level1 lfo58; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">     
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Alat untuk
memindahkan data dari satu komputer ke komputer lain.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 20.0mm; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l25 level1 lfo58; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">     
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Alat backup
data dan program demi keamanan file penting.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 20.0mm; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<h2 style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-list: l21 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -21.25pt;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc452402564"><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">C.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">    
</span></span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">Penjadwalan</span></a><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></h2>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> Penjadwalan proses merupakan kumpulan
kebijaksanaan dan mekanisme di sistem operasi yang berkaitan dengan urutan
kerja yang dilakukan sistem komputer.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Adapun penjadwalan
bertugas memutuskan :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 20.0mm; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l54 level1 lfo23; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">       </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Proses yang harus berjalan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 20.0mm; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l54 level1 lfo23; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Kapan dan selama berapa lama proses itu berjalan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Kriteria untuk mengukur
dan optimasi kinerja penjadwalan :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 20.0mm; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l52 level1 lfo24; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">       </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Adil (fairness)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Adalah proses-proses yang
diperlakukan sama, yaitu mendapat jatah waktu pemroses yang sama dan tak ada
proses yang tak kebagian layanan pemroses sehingga mengalami kekurangan waktu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 20.0mm; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l52 level1 lfo24; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Efisiensi (eficiency)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Efisiensi atau utilisasi pemroses dihitung dengan
perbandingan (rasio) waktu sibuk pemroses.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 20.0mm; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l52 level1 lfo24; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">c.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">       </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Waktu tanggap (response time)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Waktu tanggap berbeda
untuk :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 49.65pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo25; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Sistem interaktif<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Didefinisikan sebagai
waktu yang dihabiskan dari saat karakter terakhir dari perintah dimasukkan atau
transaksi sampai hasil pertama muncul di layar. Waktu tanggap ini disebut
terminal response time.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 49.65pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo25; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Sistem waktu nyata<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Didefinisikan sebagai
waktu dari saat kejadian (internal atau eksternal) sampai instruksi pertama
rutin layanan yang dimaksud dieksekusi, disebut event response time.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 20.0mm; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l52 level1 lfo24; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">d.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Turn around time<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Adalah waktu yang
dihabiskan dari saat program atau job mulai masuk ke sistem sampai proses
diselesaikan sistem. Waktu yang dimaksud adalah waktu yang dihabiskan di dalam
sistem, diekspresikan sebagai penjumlah waktu eksekusi (waktu pelayanan job)
dan waktu menunggu, yaitu : Turn arround time = waktu eksekusi + waktu
menunggu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 20.0mm; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l52 level1 lfo24; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">e.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">       </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Throughput<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Adalah jumlah kerja yang
dapat diselesaikan dalam satu unit waktu. Cara untuk mengekspresikan throughput
adalah dengan jumlah job pemakai yang dapat dieksekusi dalam satu unit/interval
waktu. Kriteria-kriteria tersebut saling bergantung dan dapat pula saling
bertentangan sehingga tidak dimungkinkan optimasi semua kriteria secara
simultan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Contoh : untuk memberi
waktu tanggap kecil memerlukan penjadwalan yang sering beralih ke antara
proses-proses itu. Cara ini meningkatkan overhead sistem dan mengurangi
throughput.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Oleh karena itu dalam
menentukan kebijaksanaan perancangan penjadwalan sebaiknya melibatkan kompromi
diantara kebutuhan-kebutuhan yang saling bertentangan. Kompromi ini bergantung
sifat dan penggunaan sistem komputer.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Sasaran penjadwalan
berdasarkan kriteria-kriteria optimasi tersebut :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 20.0mm; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l10 level2 lfo25; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">       </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Menjamin tiap proses mendapat pelayanan dari pemroses
yang adil.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 20.0mm; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l10 level2 lfo25; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Menjaga agar pemroses tetap dalam keadaan sibuk sehingga
efisiensi mencapai maksimum. Pengertian sibuk adalah pemroses tidak menganggur,
termasuk waktu yang dihabiskan untuk mengeksekusi program pemakai dan sistem
operasi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 20.0mm; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l10 level2 lfo25; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">c.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">       </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Meminimalkan waktu tanggap.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 20.0mm; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l10 level2 lfo25; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">d.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Meminimalkan turn arround time.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 20.0mm; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l10 level2 lfo25; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">e.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">       </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Memaksimalkan jumlah job yang diproses persatu interval
waktu. Lebih besar angka throughput, lebih banyak kerja yang dilakukan sistem.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 20.0mm; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo26; mso-outline-level: 3; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc452402565"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">     
</span></span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Tipe Penjadwalan</span></b></a><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Terdapat 3 tipe penjadwal
berada secara bersama-sama pada sistem operasi yang kompleks, yaitu:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h4 style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 49.65pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-list: l27 level1 lfo27; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">     
</span></span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Penjadwal jangka pendek (short term scheduller)<o:p></o:p></span></h4>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Bertugas menjadwalkan
alokasi pemroses di antara proses-proses ready di</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">memori utama. Penjadwalan dijalankan setiap terjadi
pengalihan proses untuk</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">memilih proses berikutnya yang harus dijalankan.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h4 style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 49.65pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-list: l27 level1 lfo27; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">     
</span></span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Penjadwal jangka menengah (medium term scheduller)<o:p></o:p></span></h4>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 10.0mm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Setelah eksekusi selama
suatu waktu, proses mungkin menunda sebuah eksekusi karena membuat permintaan
layanan masukan/keluaran atau memanggil suatu system call. Proses-proses
tertunda tidak dapat membuat suatu kemajuan menuju selesai sampai
kondisi-kondisi yang menyebabkan tertunda dihilangkan. Agar ruang memori dapat
bermanfaat, maka proses dipindah dari memori utama ke memori sekunder agar
tersedia ruang untuk proses-proses lain. Kapasitas memori utama terbatas untuk
sejumlah proses aktif.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 10.0mm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Aktivitas pemindahan
proses yang tertunda dari memori utama ke memori sekunder disebut swapping.
Proses-proses mempunyai kepentingan kecil saat itu sebagai proses yang
tertunda. Tetapi, begitu kondisi yang membuatnya tertunda<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">hilang dan proses dimasukkan kembali ke memori utama dan
ready.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h4 style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 49.65pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-list: l27 level1 lfo27; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">c.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">      
</span></span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Penjadwal jangka panjang (long term scheduller)<o:p></o:p></span></h4>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Penjadwal ini bekerja
terhadap antrian batch dan memilih batch berikutnya yang harus dieksekusi.
Batch biasanya adalah proses-proses dengan penggunaan<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">sumber daya yang intensif (yaitu waktu pemroses, memori,
perangkat masukan/keluaran), program ini berprioritas rendah, digunakan sebagai
pengisi (agar pemroses sibuk) selama periode aktivitas job-job interaktif
rendah.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Sasaran penjadwalan
berdasarkan tipe-tipe penjadwalan :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 20.0mm; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l27 level2 lfo27; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">       </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Memaksimumkan kinerja untuk memenuhi satu kumpulan
kriteria yang diharapkan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 20.0mm; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l27 level2 lfo27; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Mengendalikan transisi dari suspended to ready (keadaan
suspend ke ready) dari proses-proses swapping.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 20.0mm; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l27 level2 lfo27; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">c.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">       </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Memberi keseimbangan job-job campuran.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: IN; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-no-proof: yes;"><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_5" o:spid="_x0000_i1029" style="height: 219pt; mso-wrap-style: square; visibility: visible; width: 306pt;" type="#_x0000_t75">
 <v:imagedata o:title="" src="file:///C:\Users\HARIAN~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image015.emz">
</v:imagedata></v:shape></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Gambar 4.15.
Tipe-tipe penjadwalan<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo26; mso-outline-level: 3; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc452402566"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">     
</span></span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Strategi Penjadwalan</span></b></a><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Terdapat dua strategi
penjadwalan, yaitu :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l59 level1 lfo28; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Penjadwalan nonpreemptive (run to completion)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Proses diberi jatah waktu
oleh pemroses, maka pemroses tidak dapat diambil alih oleh proses lain sampai
proses itu selesai.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l59 level1 lfo28; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Penjadwalan preemptive<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Proses diberi jatah waktu
oleh pemroses, maka pemroses dapat diambil alih proses lain, sehingga proses
disela sebelum selesai dan harus dilanjutkan menunggu jatah waktu pemroses tiba
kembali pada proses itu. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Berguna pada sistem dimana
proses-proses yang mendapat perhatian/tanggapan pemroses secara cepat, misalnya
:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 20.0mm; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l7 level2 lfo26; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">       </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Pada sistem realtime, kehilangan interupsi (tidak layani
segera) dapat berakibat fatal.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 20.0mm; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l7 level2 lfo26; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Pada sistem interaktif, agar dapat menjamin waktu tanggap
yang memadai. Penjadwalan secara preemptive baik tetapi harus dibayar mahal. Peralihan
proses memerlukan overhead (banyak tabel yang dikelola). Supaya efektif, banyak
proses harus berada di memori utama sehingga proses-proses tersebut dapat
segera running begitu diperlukan. Menyimpan banyak proses tak running
benar-benar di memori utama merupakan suatu overhead tersendiri.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: IN; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-no-proof: yes;"><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_6" o:spid="_x0000_i1028" style="height: 288.75pt; mso-wrap-style: square; visibility: visible; width: 278.25pt;" type="#_x0000_t75">
 <v:imagedata o:title="" src="file:///C:\Users\HARIAN~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image016.emz">
</v:imagedata></v:shape></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Gambar 4.16.
Tipe-tipe penjadwalan dikaitkan dengan diagram state<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo26; mso-outline-level: 3; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc452402567"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">     
</span></span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Algoritma - Algoritma Penjadwalan</span></b></a><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Berikut beberapa jenis-jenis algoritma
berdasarkan penjadwalan :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<br /></div>
<h4 style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 49.65pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-list: l46 level1 lfo29; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">     
</span></span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Algoritma Preemptive<o:p></o:p></span></h4>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menggunakan
konsep :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h5 style="margin-left: 42.55pt; mso-list: l10 level3 lfo25; text-indent: -21.25pt;">
<b><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">1)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">       
</span></span></b><b><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Round Robin (RR)<o:p></o:p></span></b></h5>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Merupakan :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l51 level1 lfo30; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Penjadwalan yang paling tua, sederhana, adil,banyak
digunakan algoritmanya dan mudah diimplementasikan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l51 level1 lfo30; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Penjadwalan ini bukan dipreempt oleh proses lain tetapi
oleh penjadwal berdasarkan lama waktu berjalannya proses (preempt by time).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l51 level1 lfo30; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Penjadwalan tanpa prioritas.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l51 level1 lfo30; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Berasumsi bahwa semua proses memiliki kepentingan yang
sama, sehingga tidak ada prioritas tertentu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 10.0mm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Semua proses dianggap
penting sehingga diberi sejumlah waktu oleh pemroses yang disebut kwanta
(quantum) atau time slice dimana proses itu berjalan. Jika proses masih running
sampai akhir quantum, maka CPU akan mempreempt proses itu dan memberikannya ke proses
lain.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 10.0mm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Penjadwal membutuhkannya
dengan memelihara daftar proses dari runnable. Ketika quantum habis untuk satu
proses tertentu, maka proses tersebut akan diletakkan diakhir daftar (list),
seperti nampak dalam gambar berikut ini :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: IN; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-no-proof: yes;"><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_7" o:spid="_x0000_i1027" style="height: 135.75pt; mso-wrap-style: square; visibility: visible; width: 306pt;" type="#_x0000_t75">
 <v:imagedata o:title="" src="file:///C:\Users\HARIAN~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image017.emz">
</v:imagedata></v:shape></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Gambar 4.17. (a) : Daftar proses runnable.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">(b) : Daftar proses runnable sesudah proses b habis
quantumnya.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 10.0mm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Algoritma yang digunakan :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 20.0mm; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l54 level2 lfo23; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Jika kwanta habis dan proses belum selesai, maka proses
menjadi runnable dan pemroses dialihkan ke proses lain.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 20.0mm; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l54 level2 lfo23; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Jika kwanta belum habis dan proses menunggu suatu
kejadian (selesainya operasi I/O), maka proses menjadi blocked dan pemroses
dialihkan ke proses lain.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 20.0mm; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l54 level2 lfo23; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Jika kwanta belum habis tetapi proses telah selesai, maka
proses diakhiri dan pemroses dialihkan ke proses lain.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Diimplementasikan dengan :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 20.0mm; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l40 level1 lfo31; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Mengelola senarai proses ready (runnable) sesuai urutan
kedatangan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 20.0mm; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l40 level1 lfo31; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Ambil proses yang berada di ujung depan antrian menjadi
running.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 20.0mm; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l40 level1 lfo31; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Bila kwanta belum habis dan proses selesai, maka ambil
proses di ujung depan antrian proses ready.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 20.0mm; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l40 level1 lfo31; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Jika kwanta habis dan proses belum selesai, maka
tempatkan proses running ke ekor antrian proses ready dan ambil proses di ujung
depan antrian proses ready.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Masalah yang timbul adalah
menentukan besar kwanta, yaitu :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo32; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">       </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Kwanta terlalu besar menyebabkan waktu tanggap besar dan
turn arround time rendah.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo32; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Kwanta terlalu kecil menyebabkan peralihan proses terlalu
banyak sehingga menurunkan efisiensi proses.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Switching dari satu proses
ke proses lain membutuhkan kepastian waktu yang digunakan untuk administrasi,
menyimpan, memanggil nilai-nilai register, pemetaan memori, memperbaiki tabel
proses dan senarai dan sebagainya. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Mungkin proses switch ini
atau konteks switch membutuhkan waktu 5 msec disamping waktu pemroses yang
dibutuhkan untuk menjalankan proses tertentu. Dengan permasalahan tersebut
tentunya harus ditetapkan kwanta waktu yang optimal berdasarkan kebutuhan
sistem dari hasil percobaan atau data historis. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Besar kwanta waktu beragam
bergantung beban sistem. Apabila nilai quantum terlalu singkat akan menyebabkan
terlalu banyak switch antar proses dan efisiensi CPU akan buruk, sebaliknya
bila nilai quantum terlalu lama akan menyebabkan respon CPU akan lambat
sehingga proses yang singkat akan menunggu lama. Sebuah quantum sebesar 100
msec merupakan nilai yang dapat diterima. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Penilaian penjadwalan ini
berdasarkan kriteria optimasi :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l7 level2 lfo26; tab-stops: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">       </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Adil<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Adil bila dipandang dari
persamaan pelayanan oleh pemroses.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l7 level2 lfo26; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Efisiensi<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Cenderung efisien pada
sistem interaktif.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l7 level2 lfo26; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">c.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">       </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Waktu tanggap<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Memuaskan untuk sistem
interaktif, tidak memadai untuk sistem waktu nyata.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l7 level2 lfo26; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">d.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Turn around time<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Cukup baik.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l7 level2 lfo26; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">e.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">       </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Throughtput<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Cukup baik.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Penjadwalan ini :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 39.0pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l30 level1 lfo33; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -21.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">        
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Baik untuk
sistem interactive-time sharing dimana kebanyakan waktu dipergunakan menunggu
kejadian eksternal. Contoh : text editor, kebanyakan waktu program adalah untuk
menunggu keyboard, sehingga dapat dijalankan proses-proses lain.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 39.0pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l30 level1 lfo33; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -21.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">       
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Tidak cocok
untuk sistem waktu nyata apalagi hard-real-time applications.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<h5 style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-list: l10 level3 lfo25; text-indent: -21.25pt;">
<b><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">2)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">       
</span></span></b><b><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Priority Schedulling (PS)<o:p></o:p></span></b></h5>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Adalah tiap proses diberi
prioritas dan proses yang berprioritas tertinggi mendapat jatah waktu lebih
dulu (running). Berasumsi bahwa masing-masing proses memiliki prioritas
tertentu, sehingga akan dilaksanakan berdasar prioritas yang dimilikinya. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Ilustrasi yang dapat
memperjelas prioritas tersebut adalah dalam komputer militer, dimana proses
dari jendral berprioritas 100, proses dari kolonel 90, mayor berprioritas 80,
kapten berprioritas 70, letnan berprioritas 60 dan seterusnya. Dalam UNIX
perintah untuk mengubah prioritas menggunakan perintah nice. Pemberian
prioritas diberikan secara :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l46 level2 lfo29; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">       </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Statis (static priorities)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Berarti prioritas tidak
berubah.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Keunggulan :<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 49.65pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l48 level1 lfo34; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Mudah diimplementasikan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 49.65pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l48 level1 lfo34; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Mempunyai overhead relatif kecil.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Kelemahan :<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 49.65pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l58 level1 lfo35; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> Tidak tanggap
terhadap perubahan lingkungan yang mungkin menghendaki.<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 49.65pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l58 level1 lfo35; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">penyesuaian prioritas.<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l46 level2 lfo29; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Dinamis (dynamic priorities)<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Merupakan mekanisme untuk
menanggapi perubahan lingkungan sistem beroperasi. Prioritas awal yang
diberikan ke proses mungkin hanya berumur pendek setelah disesuaikan ke nilai
yang lebih tepat sesuai lingkungan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Kelemahan :<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 49.65pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo36; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Implementasi mekanisme prioritas dinamis lebih kompleks
dan mempunyaioverhead lebih besar. Overhead in diimbangi dengan peningkatan
daya tanggap sistem.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Contoh penjadwalan
berprioritas :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Proses-proses yang sangat
banyak operasi masukan atau keluaran menghabiskan kebanyakan waktu menunggu
selesainya operasinya masukan/keluaran. Prosesproses ini diberi prioritas
sangat tinggi sehingga begitu proses memerlukan pemroses segera diberikan, proses
akan segera memulai permintaan masukan/keluaran berikutnya sehingga menyebabkan
proses blocked menunggu selesainya operasi masukan/keluaran. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Dengan demikian pemroses
dapat dipergunakan proses-proses lain. Proses-proses I/O berjalan paralel
bersama proses-proses lain yang benar-benar memerlukan pemroses, sementara
prosesproses<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">I/O itu menunggu selesainya operasi DMA. Proses-proses
yang sangat banyak operasi I/O-nya, kalau harus menunggu lama<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">untuk memakai pemroses (karena prioritas rendah) hanya
akan membebani memori, karena harus disimpan tanpa perlu proses-proses itu
dimemori karena tidak selesai-selesai menunggu operasi masukan dan menunggu
jatah pemroses.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Dalam algoritma
berprioritas dinamis dituntun oleh keputusan untuk memenuhi kebijaksanaan tertentu
yang menjadi tujuan. Layanan yang bagus adalah menset prioritas dengan nilai
1/f, dimana f adalah ration kwanta terakhir yang digunakan proses.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Contoh :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo37; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">       </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Proses yang menggunakan 2 msec kwanta 100 ms, maka
prioritasnya50.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo37; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Proses yang berjalan selama 50 ms sebelum blocked
berprioritas 2.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo37; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">c.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">       </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Proses yang menggunakan seluruh kwanta berprioritas 1.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 10.0mm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Kebijaksanaan yang
diterapkan adalah jaminan proses-proses mendapat layanan adil dari pemroses
dalam arti jumlah waktu pemroses yang sama. Keunggulannya penjadwalan
berpriorita adalah memenuhi kebijaksanaan yang ingin mencapai maksimasi suatu
kriteria diterapkan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 10.0mm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> Algoritma ini dapat dikombinasikan, yaitu
dengan mengelompokkan proses-proses menjadi kelaskelas prioritas. Penjadwalan
berprioritas diterapkan antar kelas-kelas proses itu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 10.0mm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Algoritma penjadwal akan
menjalankan : proses runnable untuk prioritas 4 lebih dulu secara round robin,
apabila kelas 4 semua sudah diproses, selanjutnya akan menjalankan proses
runnable untuk prioritas 3 secara round robin, apabila kelas<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">3 semua sudah diproses (habis), selanjutnya akan
menjalankan proses runnable untuk prioritas 2 secara round robin, dan
seterusnya, seperti dalam gambar berikut :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: IN; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-no-proof: yes;"><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_8" o:spid="_x0000_i1026" style="height: 195pt; mso-wrap-style: square; visibility: visible; width: 305.25pt;" type="#_x0000_t75">
 <v:imagedata o:title="" src="file:///C:\Users\HARIAN~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image018.emz">
</v:imagedata></v:shape></span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Gambar 4.18. Skedul algoritma denga empat klas prioritas<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<h5 style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-list: l10 level3 lfo25; text-indent: -21.25pt;">
<b><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">3)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">       
</span></span></b><b><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Multiple Feedback Queues (MFQ)<o:p></o:p></span></b></h5>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Merupakan :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 49.65pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l29 level1 lfo38; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">     
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Penjadwalan
berprioritas dinamis<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Penjadwalan ini untuk
mencegah (mengurangi) banyaknya swapping dengan proses-proses yang sangat
banyak menggunakan pemroses (karena menyelesaikan tugasnya memakan waktu lama)
diberi jatah waktu (jumlah kwanta) lebih banyak dalam satu waktu. Penjadwalan
ini juga menghendaki kelas-kelas prioritas bagi proses-proses yang ada. Kelas
tertinggi berjalan selama satu kwanta, kelas berikutnya berjalan selama dua
kwanta, kelas berikutnya berjalan empat kwanta, dan seterusnya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Ketentuan yang berlaku
adalah sebagai berikut :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 39.3pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l34 level1 lfo39; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">       </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Jalankan proses pada kelas tertinggi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 39.3pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l34 level1 lfo39; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Jika proses menggunakan seluruh kwanta yang dialokasikan,
maka diturunkan kelas prioritasnya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 39.3pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l34 level1 lfo39; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">c.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">       </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Proses yang masuk untuk pertama kali ke sistem langsung
diberi kelas tertinggi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Mekanisme ini mencegah
proses yang perlu berjalan lama swapping berkali-kali dan mencegah
proses-proses interaktif yang singkat harus menunggu lama.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<br /></div>
<h5 style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-list: l10 level3 lfo25; text-indent: -21.25pt;">
<b><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">4)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">       
</span></span></b><b><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Shortest Remaining First (SRF)<o:p></o:p></span></b></h5>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 10.0mm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Merupakan :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 46.35pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l35 level1 lfo40; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Penjadwalan berprioritas.dinamis.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 46.35pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l35 level1 lfo40; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Adalah preemptive untuk timesharing<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 46.35pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l35 level1 lfo40; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Melengkapi SJF. Pada SRF, proses dengan sisa waktu jalan
diestimasi terendah dijalankan, termasuk proses-proses yang baru tiba.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 46.35pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l35 level1 lfo40; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Pada SJF, begitu proses dieksekusi, proses dijalankan
sampai selesai.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 46.35pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l35 level1 lfo40; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">5.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Pada SRF, proses yang sedang berjalan (running) dapat
diambil alih proses baru dengan sisa waktu jalan yang diestimasi lebih rendah.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Kelemahan :<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l37 level1 lfo41; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Mempunyai overhead lebih besar dibanding SJF. SRF perlu
penyimpanan waktu layanan yang telah dihabiskan job dan kadang-kadang harus menangani
peralihan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l37 level1 lfo41; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Tibanya proses-proses kecil akan segera dijalankan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l37 level1 lfo41; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Job-job lebih lama berarti dengan lama dan variasi waktu
tunggu lebih lama dibanding pada SJF.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">SRF perlu menyimpan waktu
layanan yang telah dihabiskan, menambah overhead. Secara teoritis, SRF memberi
waktu tunggu minimum tetapi karena overhead peralihan, maka pada situasi
tertentu SFJ bisa memberi kinerja lebih baik dibanding SRF.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<br /></div>
<h5 style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-list: l10 level3 lfo25; text-indent: -21.25pt;">
<b><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">5)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">       
</span></span></b><b><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Guaranteed Scheduloing (GS)<o:p></o:p></span></b></h5>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Penjadwalan ini memberikan
janji yang realistis (memberi daya pemroses yang sama) untuk membuat dan
menyesuaikan performance adalah jika ada N pemakai, sehingga setiap proses
(pemakai) akan mendapatkan 1/N dari daya pemroses CPU.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Untuk mewujudkannya,
sistem harus selalu menyimpan informasi tentang jumlah waktu CPU untuk semua proses
sejak login dan juga berapa lama pemakai sedang login. Kemudian jumlah waktu
CPU, yaitu waktu mulai login dibagi dengan n,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">sehingga lebih mudah menghitung rasio waktu CPU. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Karena jumlah waktu pemroses
tiap pemakai dapat diketahui, maka dapat dihitung rasio antara waktu pemroses yang
sesungguhnya harus diperoleh, yaitu 1/N waktu pemroses seluruhnya dan waktu
pemroses yang telah diperuntukkan proses itu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Rasio 0,5 berarti sebuah
proses hanya punya 0,5 dari apa yang waktu CPU miliki dan rasio 2,0 berarti
sebuah proses hanya punya 2,0 dari apa yang waktu CPU miliki. Algoritma akan
menjalankan proses dengan rasio paling rendah hingga naik ketingkat lebih
tinggi diatas pesaing terdekatnya. Ide sederhana ini dapat diimplementasikan ke
sistem real-time dan memiliki penjadwalan berprioritas dinamis.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<br /></div>
<h4 style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 49.65pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-list: l46 level1 lfo29; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">     
</span></span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Algoritma Nonpreemptive<o:p></o:p></span></h4>
<h5 style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-list: l54 level3 lfo23; text-indent: -21.25pt;">
<b><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">1)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">       
</span></span></b><b><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">First In First Out (FIFO)<o:p></o:p></span></b></h5>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Merupakan :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo42; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Penjadwalan tidak berprioritas.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">FIFO adalah penjadwalan
paling sederhana, yaitu :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l33 level1 lfo43; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Proses-proses diberi jatah waktu pemroses berdasarkan
waktu kedatangan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l33 level1 lfo43; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Pada saat proses mendapat jatah waktu pemroses, proses
dijalankan sampai selesai.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Penilian penjadwalan ini
berdasarkan kriteria optimasi :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 49.65pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l46 level2 lfo29; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; line-height: normal;">      </span></span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Adil<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Adil dalam arti resmi
(proses yang datang duluan akan dilayani lebih dulu), tapi dinyatakan tidak adil
karena job-job yang perlu waktu lama membuat job-job pendek menunggu. Job-job
yang tidak penting dapat membuat job-job penting menunggu lama.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 49.65pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l46 level2 lfo29; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; line-height: normal;">      </span></span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Efisiensi<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Sangat efisien.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 49.65pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l46 level2 lfo29; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">c.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; line-height: normal;">       </span></span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Waktu tanggap<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Sangat jelek, tidak cocok
untuk sistem interaktif apalagi untuk sistem waktu nyata.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 49.65pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l46 level2 lfo29; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">d.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; line-height: normal;">      </span></span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Turn around time<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Jelek.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 49.65pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l46 level2 lfo29; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">e.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; line-height: normal;">       </span></span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Throughtput<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Jelek.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">FIFO jarang digunakan
secara mandiri, tetapi dikombinasikan dengan skema lain, misalnya : Keputusan
berdasarkan prioritas proses. Untuk proses-pross berprioritas<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">sama diputuskan
berdasarkan FIFO.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Penjadwalan ini :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 49.65pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l33 level2 lfo43; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">       </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Baik untuk sistem batch yang sangat jarang berinteraksi
dengan pemakai. Contoh : aplikasi analisis numerik, maupun pembuatan tabel.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 49.65pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l33 level2 lfo43; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Sangat tidak baik (tidak berguna) untuk sistem
interaktif, karena tidak memberi waktu tanggap yang baik.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 49.65pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l33 level2 lfo43; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">c.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">       </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Tidak dapat digunakan untuk sistem waktu nyata (real-time
applications).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 49.65pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<h5 style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-list: l54 level3 lfo23; text-indent: -21.25pt;">
<b><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">2)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">       
</span></span></b><b><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Shortest Job First (SJF)<o:p></o:p></span></b></h5>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Penjadwalan ini
mengasumsikan waktu jalan proses sampai selesai diketahui sebelumnya.
Mekanismenya adalah menjadwalkan proses dengan waktu jalan terpendek lebih dulu
sampai selesai, sehingga memberikan efisiensi yang tinggi dan<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">turn around time rendah dan penjadwalannya tak
berprioritas.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Contoh :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 10.0mm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Terdapat empat proses
(job) yaitu A,B,C,D dengan waktu jalannya masing-masing adalah 8,4,4 dan 4
menit. Apabila proses-proses tersebut dijalankan, maka turn around time untuk A
adalah 8 menit, untuk B adalah 12, untuk C adalah 16 dan<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">untuk D adalah 20. Untuk menghitung rata-rata turn around
time seluruh proses adalah dengan menggunakan rumus :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">( 4a + 3b + 2c + 1d ) / 4<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Dengan menggunakan rumus, maka dapat dihitung turn around
time-nya sebagai berikut (belum memperhatikan shortest job first, lihat gambar
a) :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">= ( 4a + 3b + 2c + 1d ) / 4<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">= ( 4x8 + 3x4 + 2x4 + 1x4 ) / 4<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">= ( 32 + 12 + 8 + 4 ) / 4<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">= 56 / 4<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">= 14 menit<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Apabila keempat proses tersebut menggunakan penjadwalan
shortest job fisrt (lihat gambar b), maka turn around time untuk B adalah 4,
untuk C adalah 8, untuk D adalah 12 dan untuk A adalah 20, sehingga rata-rata
turn around timenya adalah</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">sebagai berikut :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">= ( 4a + 3b + 2c + 1d ) / 4<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">= ( 4x4 + 3x4 + 2x4 + 1x8 ) / 4<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">= ( 16 + 12 + 8 + 8 ) / 4<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">= 44 / 4<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">= 11 menit<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">          Tidak
memperhatikan                 SJF
Memperhatikan SJF</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-language: IN; mso-no-proof: yes;"><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_9" o:spid="_x0000_i1025" style="height: 135.75pt; mso-wrap-style: square; visibility: visible; width: 306pt;" type="#_x0000_t75">
 <v:imagedata o:title="" src="file:///C:\Users\HARIAN~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image019.png">
</v:imagedata></v:shape></span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Jelas bahwa a memberikan nilai kontribusi yang besar,
kemudian b, c dan d. Karena SJF selalu memperhatikan rata-rata waktu respon
terkecil, maka sangat baik untuk proses interaktif. Umumnya proses interaktif
memiliki pola, yaitu menunggu perintah, menjalankan perintah, menunggu perintah
dan menjalankan perintah, begitu seterusnya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Masalah yang muncul adalah
:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l62 level1 lfo44; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Tidak mengetahui ukuran job saat job masuk.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Untuk mengetahui ukuran
job adalah dengan membuat estimasi berdasarkan kelakukan sebelumnya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l62 level1 lfo44; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Proses yang tidak datang bersamaan, sehingga penetapannya
harus dinamis.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Penjadwalan ini jarang
digunakan, karena merupakan kajian teoritis untuk pembandingan turn around
time.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<br /></div>
<h5 style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-list: l54 level3 lfo23; text-indent: -21.25pt;">
<b><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">3)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">       
</span></span></b><b><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Highest Ratio Next (HRN)<o:p></o:p></span></b></h5>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Merupakan :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l36 level1 lfo45; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Penjadwalan berprioritas dinamis.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l36 level1 lfo45; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Penjadwalan untuk mengoreksi kelemahan SJF.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l36 level1 lfo45; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Adalah strategi penjadwalan dengan prioritas proses tidak
hanya merupakan fungsi waktu layanan tetapi juga jumlah waktu tunggu proses.
Begitu proses mendapat jatah pemroses, proses berjalan sampai selesai.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Prioritas dinamis HRN
dihitung berdasarkan rumus :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Prioritas = (waktu tunggu
+ waktu layanan ) / waktu layanan Karena waktu layanan muncul sebagai pembagi,
maka job lebih pendek berprioritas lebih baik, karena waktu tunggu sebagai
pembilang maka proses yang telah menunggu lebih lama juga mempunyai kesempatan
lebih bagus.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Disebut HRN, karena waktu tunggu ditambah waktu layanan
adalah waktu tanggap, yang berarti waktu tanggap tertinggi yang harus dilayani.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Klasifikasi lain selain
berdasarkan dapat/tidaknya suatu proses diambil secara paksa adalah klasifikasi
berdasarkan adanya prioritas di proses-proses, yaitu :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l34 level2 lfo39; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Algoritma penjadwalan tanpa berprioritas.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 35.45pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l34 level2 lfo39; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Algoritma penjadwalan berprioritas, terdiri dari :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 63.8pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l41 level1 lfo46; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">      
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Berprioritas
statik<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; margin-left: 63.8pt; margin-right: 0mm; margin-top: 0mm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l41 level1 lfo46; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">     
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Berprioritas
dinamis</span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; text-align: center;">
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<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; text-align: center;">
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<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0mm; text-align: center;">
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Sistem Operasi Sistem operasi adalah program yang bertindak sebagai perantara antara user dengan perangkat keras komputer. Sistem operasi digunakan untuk mengeksekusi program user dan memudahkan menyelesaikan permasalahan user. Selain itu dengan ada…

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